1. THE EFFLUENTS OF GREENHOUSE GASES REDUCING BY USING THE GAS FUELS CONTAINING HYDROGEN
B. Soroka, V. Kudryavtsev, V. Zgurskyi, R. Karabchievskaya
CONCLUSIONS
1) The fossil fuels substitution and combination with hydrogen by using the H2 containing gas mixtures, including pure [H2] = 100%, provide decreasing of greenhouse components in flue gases accompanied by decarbonization of environment. Using the CH4/H2 mixtures of low/middle hydrogen content ([H2]<=20% (vol.)) ensures the relative value of [CO2] reducing in combustion products only 5% by mass.
2) The problem impact of atmospheric water vapour as the greenhouse components has been discussed by means of studying the combined heat transfer within the CP layer. The greenhouse effect takes place due selectivity of optic characteristics of polyatomic gases – the CP components. The partner role of H2O, composing with CO2 the emitting components of the natural gas’ CP, has been considered and proved by computations.
3) An important contribution of efficiency the heat processing by electricity production and by the treatment processes in ferrous and non-ferrous metal industry as well as by other technologies has been demonstrated in frame of reducing the resulting CO2 emission. The significance of heat recovery processes by methane-hydrogen gas fuels using has been stated.
4) The coincidence of results the theoretical prediction and firing tests on NOX formation by combustion the mixed CH4/H2 fuels with an air as an oxidant fuels has been stated.
2. COMPUTING THE COMBUSTION VELOCITY OF ADVANCED ALTERNATIVE FUELS
B. Soroka, V. Zgurskyi
3. PLASMA STEAM AIR GASIFICATION OF BOTTOM MUD AND RUBBER CRUSH
O. Dudnyk, V. Zhovtiansky, M. Ostapchuk
CONCLUSIONS
1) As part of the development of technologies for the conversion of solid organic waste in the gasifier-transformer for use in autonomous cogeneration power plants and production of valuable liquid organic compounds, a study of plasma vapor-gasification of bottom sludge aeration station in Kyiv and Ivano-Frankivsk and rubber crumbs from used car tires.
2) During air gasification, the consumption of bottom sludge was from 1.4 to 2.2 kg/h, the thermal capacity of the gasifier relative to the consumption of bottom sludge from 2.4 to 3.7 kW, dry gas yield from 1.6 to 2.5 nm3/ h. The composition of the dry gas obtained during air gasification, vol.%: H2=10.7-12.5, CO=13.9-14.7, CO2=15.2-15.5, CH4=0.05-0.1, N2=57.5-59.8. The molar ratio of H2/CO=0.8-0.9. The hydrogen yield was 0.37-0.42 nm3/kg of dry ashless bottom sludge.
3) During plasma steam-air gasification, the consumption of bottom sludge ranged from 1.3 to 2.1 kg/h. at the electric power of the plasmatron from 0.9 to 1.2 kW and the thermal power of the gasifier relative to the consumption of DM from 2.1 to 3.6 kW. The dry gas yield ranged from 1.4 to 2.6 nm3/h. The composition of the dry gas obtained during plasma steam-air gasification, vol.%: H2=11.5-20.7, CO=6.0-10.7, CO2=18.5-21.1, CH4=0.2- 1.5, N2=48.6-61.7. The molar ratio of H2/CO = 1.2-2.7. The hydrogen yield ranged from 0.46 to 0.76 nm3/kg of dry ashless bottom sludge. Due to the use of a steam plasmatron, the molar ratio of H2/CO in the obtained gas and the yield of hydrogen are increased.